1. Amanyathelo olawulo lwe-welding deformation
(1) Yenza uhlalutyo olufanelekileyo kunye nokubalwa kwesakhiwo, misela i-welding deformation kunye ne-shrinkage reserve, kunye ne-complex node components, i-welding reserve shrinkage inokumiselwa ngokuvavanya.
(2) Lawula imvume yendibano
Lawula ngokungqongqo ukuchaneka kwe-bevel processing kunye nokukhutshwa kwendibano, kwaye ukhethe i-groove shape efanelekileyo kunye nolandelelwano lwe-welding ukunciphisa i-welding deformation.
(3) Sebenzisa isakhelo setayara esingaguqukiyo
Hlanganisa kunye nendibano eyimfuneko kunye neefreyimu zamatayara e-welding, izixhobo zokulungisa izixhobo, izixhaso kunye nemida egciniweyo yokuncipha.
(4) Yenza indibano yonke ibe ngamaqhekeza
Kumacandelo anzima, kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwiibhloko, indlela yokuvelisa i-welding yendibano jikelele.
Ukuwelda kwibhloko-kwiqhekeza:
(5) I-Symmetrical kunye ne-uniform welding
Ø Xa i-weld plate groove idityanisiwe, inani le-turnovers linyuswa ngokuhambelana nokuguqulwa, kwaye i-welding isetyenziswe ngokulinganayo, kunye nokulungiswa komlilo kwinkqubo nayo ihambelana.
Ø Xa ukuhanjiswa kwe-weld yecandelo kuhambelana ne-geometrically neutral axisymmetric distribution of the component, i-welding yecandelo ithatha i-symmetrical uniform welding ukucima ukuguqulwa okupheleleyo kwecandelo ngokusebenzisa umgaqo we-symmetry.
Ø I-welds ezimbini ezicwangcisiweyo ngokwe-plane neutral axis symmetry zi-symmetrical omnye komnye kwicala elifanayo, ukucaciswa okufanayo, kunye ne-welding iqhutyelwa ngaxeshanye, ngeli xesha, ukucutha okanye ukuguqulwa kwee-welds ezimbini ezilinganayo. ecaleni kwendlela ethe nkqo ye-axis engathathi hlangothi yendiza iya kulungelelanisa kwaye irhoxise enye kwenye.
Ø Ukuze ulungelelanise i-weld seam kwenye indiza ye-symmetrical, i-weld seam kuzo zombini iiplani i-welding cross-welding, i-welding direction ye-welding iyafana, inkcazo iyafana, ukwenzela ukuba zonke ii-welds kufuneka zilingane kwi-axis engathathi hlangothi. icandelo, ukwenzela ukuba i-deformation iyonke yecandelo ilungelelaniswe kunye nomnye kwaye incitshiswe.
(6) Misela i-welding reverse deformation ngokweempawu zomdibaniso
Kuhlobo lweT-uhlobo oludityanisiweyo oludityanisiweyo olunobude obukhulu bepleyiti yephiko, ukucutheka kweweld emva kokuwelda kubangela ukudilika kwenxalenye ephumayo yephiko lepleyiti, kunye ne-welding preset reverse deformation ngaphambi kwemveliso yindlela esebenzayo yokuwelda. lawula i-welding deformation.
A. Bala i-deformation mali okanye i-angle yenxalenye emide ye-wing plate ngokobungakanani be-weld (isixa sokuzalisa), isixa sokwandiswa kwepleyiti yephiko, kunye nobukhulu be-wing plate;
B. Hlanganisa i-welding emva kwe-welding reverse deformation ye-preset wing plate ngokwexabiso eliqikelelweyo le-deformation;
C. Kuba ubukhulu obukhulu bepleyiti yephiko, ukuveliswa kwesikhunta esikhethekileyo sokubumba kwi-high-power press ngqo kucinezele i-anti-deformation;emva kokuba indibano eqhelekileyo ye-welding ye-primer igqityiwe, indlela yokufudumeza idangatye isetyenziselwa ukuseta i-welding anti-deformation ye-wing plate.
(7) Umyalelo we-welding ofanelekileyo
Kwii-welds ezide, phantsi kweemeko ezivunyelwe yisakhiwo, i-weld eqhubekayo kufuneka itshintshwe kwi-weld intermittent ukunciphisa ukuguqulwa;njengoko xa i-welding engapheliyo ingavumelekanga, ulandelelwano lwe-welding olufanelekileyo kufuneka lukhethwe ukunciphisa okanye ukukhansela omnye komnye ngaphandle kwe-welding deformation.Indlela ye-Stepwise soldering, i-fractional stepwise soldering method, indlela yokutsiba i-welding, indlela ye-welding etshintshanayo, kunye ne-partial symmetrical soldering method inokwamkelwa.
2. Ukulawulwa koxinzelelo lwe-Welding kunye namanyathelo okuphelisa
(1) Ukulawulwa koxinzelelo lwe-welding
(1) Amanyathelo oyilo
Ø Nciphisa inani le-welds kunye nobukhulu be-weld kwisakhiwo.
Ø Ulungelelwaniso olulinganayo lwee-welds ukuphepha ukuxinana okugqithisileyo kwee-welds.
Ø Yamkela imo yejoyinti engaqinanga kangako.
(2) Amanyathelo enkqubo
a.Ukunciphisa inani lokuzaliswa kwe-weld ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lwe-welding
Ø Yenza ngokufanelekileyo i-welding groove ye-welding plate joint ukunciphisa inani lokuzaliswa kwe-welding;
Ø Lawula ukuchaneka kokucubungula kunye ne-gap yendibano ye-groove, kwaye ugweme ukwandisa inani lokuzaliswa kwe-welding;
Ø Lawula ipleyiti etyebileyo ye-T edibeneyo ye-weld seam ukomeleza i-angle ye-welding, ugweme ukwandisa inani lokuzaliswa kwe-welding.
b.Yamkela ulandelelwano lwe-welding olufanelekileyo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lwe-welding
Ø Xa i-welding kwicandelo elifanayo, i-welding kufuneka isetyenziswe ngendlela yokusabalalisa ukushisa kunye nokusabalalisa okulinganayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka;
Ø Xa amacandelo edityanisiwe, ukusuka kwiindawo ezimiselweyo zamalungu ukuya kwelinye, ukuya kwezo zikhundla zinenkululeko enkulu yokuhamba phakathi komnye nomnye;
Ø Beka umda we-shrinkage ngokufanelekileyo kwangaphambili, i-joint kunye ne-shrinkage ebonakalayo iya kuthungwa kuqala, kwaye idibeneyo kunye ne-shrinkage encinci iya kuthungwa kamva, kwaye i-welding kufuneka ifakwe phantsi kweyona nto incinci.
c.Qinisekisa iqondo lobushushu preheating, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nobuncinci interlayer kwi welding kufuneka ilawulwe ngempumelelo, ukunciphisa idigri yokubophelela kwendibaniselwano edityanisiweyo, ukunciphisa ukuwelda ubushushu obuchaphazelekayo uluhlu lwezowuni, kunye nokunciphisa i-welding intsalela yoxinzelelo lwepleyiti eshinyeneyo edityanisiweyo;
d.Yamkela iindlela ze-welding ezifanelekileyo, ezifana nokunyibilika okunzulu okunyibilika okunzulu, okwangoku okukhulu, kunye neendlela ezisebenzayo ze-CO2 ze-welding, ezinokunciphisa inani leziteshi ze-welding kunye nokunciphisa i-welding deformation kunye noxinzelelo oluseleyo;
e.Ukusetyenziswa kwembuyekezo yokufudumeza indlela yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-welding: kwinkqubo ye-welding, fudumeza elinye icala lentloko ye-welding, ububanzi bokufudumeza abukho ngaphantsi kwe-200mm, ukuze yona kunye nommandla welding ngaxeshanye ukwandisa kwaye isivumelwano ngexesha elifanayo, ukwenzela ukufezekisa injongo yokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-welding.
f.Indlela yokunciphisa i-hammering yokunciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lwe-welding: emva kwe-welding, isando sesandla esinobuso obuncinci bentloko sisetyenziselwa ukubethelela ummandla okufutshane we-weld, ukwenzela ukuba isinyithi se-weld kunye nendawo esondeleyo ye-weld inokwandiswa kwaye i-deformed, esetyenziselwa ukubuyisela okanye ukucima i-deformation yeplastiki yokunyanzeliswa eyenziwa ngexesha le-welding, ukwenzela ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-welding residual luyancipha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-06-2022